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To further investigate susceptibility loci identified by genome-wide association studies, we genotyped 5,500 SNPs across 14 associated regions in 8,000 samples from a control group and 3 diseases: type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary artery disease (CAD) and Graves' disease. We defined, using Bayes theorem, credible sets of SNPs that were 95% likely, based on posterior probability, to contain the causal disease-associated SNPs. In 3 of the 14 regions, TCF7L2 (T2D), CTLA4 (Graves' disease) and CDKN2A-CDKN2B (T2D), much of the posterior probability rested on a single SNP, and, in 4 other regions (CDKN2A-CDKN2B (CAD) and CDKAL1, FTO and HHEX (T2D)), the 95% sets were small, thereby excluding most SNPs as potentially causal. Very few SNPs in our credible sets had annotated functions, illustrating the limitations in understanding the mechanisms underlying susceptibility to common diseases. Our results also show the value of more detailed mapping to target sequences for functional studies.

Original publication

DOI

10.1038/ng.2435

Type

Journal article

Journal

Nature genetics

Publication Date

12/2012

Volume

44

Pages

1294 - 1301

Addresses

The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Keywords

Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Humans, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, tRNA Methyltransferases, Proteins, Homeodomain Proteins, Transcription Factors, Bayes Theorem, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genes, p16, Graves Disease, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5, Coronary Artery Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Loci, Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein, CTLA-4 Antigen, Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO