Mahan Ghafari
DPhil
Wellcome Trust Early Career Research Fellow
- Independent Investigator, Pandemic Sciences Institute Data Analytics & Epidemiology Group
- Independent Research Fellow, Department of Biology
- Kemp Junior Research Fellow in Medical Sciences, Lincoln College
Mahan Ghafari is an evolutionary biologist and independent investigator leading the Ghafari Research Group, currently based in the Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research at the University of Oxford. His research focuses on understanding how pathogens evolve—across hosts, over time, and through molecular and structural changes.
Mahan’s group brings together concepts from phylogenetics, population genetics theory, and epidemiology to develop new tools and methods for quantifying evolutionary dynamics and reconstructing the histories of pathogens with epidemic and pandemic potential. This work supports high-resolution outbreak reconstruction, molecular surveillance, and evolutionary risk forecasting. By identifying unique evolutionary signatures of pathogens in different host environments, it contributes to the development of early-warning tools for detecting potential threats from emerging infectious diseases.
His research is currently supported by a Wellcome Trust Early Career Award and includes collaborations across molecular and structural biology, epidemiology, and public health. Mahan also supervises undergraduate and postgraduate students and contributes to teaching and mentoring within the Department of Biology and Nuffield Department of Medicine.
Recent publications
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SARS-CoV-2 genomic diversity and within-host evolution in individuals with persistent infection in the UK: an observational, longitudinal, population-based surveillance study.
Journal article
Ghafari M. et al, (2025), Lancet Microbe
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Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses from the Plant Viruses Subcommittee, 2025.
Journal article
Rubino L. et al, (2025), The Journal of general virology, 106
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The recency and geographical origins of the bat viruses ancestral to SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.
Journal article
Pekar JE. et al, (2025), Cell
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Genetically distinct within-host subpopulations of hepatitis C virus persist after Direct-Acting Antiviral treatment failure.
Journal article
Zhao L. et al, (2025), PLoS pathogens, 21
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Prevalence of persistent SARS-CoV-2 in a large community surveillance study.
Journal article
Ghafari M. et al, (2024), Nature