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Body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in women with previous pre-eclampsia or small-for-gestational-age offspring.

Berends AL., Zillikens MC., de Groot CJM., Rivadeneira F., Oostra BA., van Duijn CM., Steegers EAP.

ObjectiveTo investigate differences in body composition and fat distribution between women with previous pre-eclampsia or small-for-gestational-age (SGA) offspring and those with uncomplicated pregnancies.DesignCohort study.SettingPopulation-based study in a genetically isolated population in the southwest of the Netherlands.PopulationWomen after pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia (n=45), SGA offspring (n=53) and uncomplicated pregnancies (n=106).MethodsWomen were compared for body composition and fat distribution variables, assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and anthropometrics at a mean follow-up time of 10.8 (SD +/- 5.9) years after pregnancy.Main outcome measuresTotal lean and fat mass, android fat mass, gynoid fat mass, android-to-gynoid fat ratio, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio.ResultsWomen with previous pre-eclampsia compared with controls had higher mean total fat mass index (11.5 +/- 0.6 versus 9.7 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2); P = 0.03), lean mass index (15.8 +/- 0.3 versus 14.5 +/- 0.2 kg/m(2); P =0.001) and body mass index ([BMI]; 28.4 +/- 0.8 versus 25.4 +/- 0.5 kg/m(2); P = 0.005). Their waist circumferences (90.7 +/- 2.0 versus 78.5 +/- 1.3 cm; P < 0.001) and waist-to-hip ratios (0.86 +/- 0.01 versus 0.77 +/- 0.01; P < 0.001) were also higher as well as android fat mass (2.8 +/- 0.2 versus 2.1 +/- 0.1 kg; P = 0.01) and android-to-gynoid fat ratios (0.45 +/- 0.02 versus 0.39 +/- 0.01; P = 0.02). Mean total fat, lean and BMI was not significantly different between women with previous SGA offspring and controls, yet waist-to-hip ratios (0.83 +/- 0.01; P < 0.001) were higher. The observed differences in waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and gynoid fat mass could not be attributed to differences in BMI.ConclusionWomen with previous pre-eclampsia or SGA offspring pregnancies compared with those with uncomplicated pregnancies have a preferential fat accumulation in the abdominal over hip region, which may explain, at least partly, their increased cardiovascular risk.

More information Original publication

DOI

10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.02044.x

Type

Conference paper

Publication Date

2009-02-01T00:00:00+00:00

Volume

116

Pages

442 - 451

Total pages

9

Addresses

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Keywords

Adipose Tissue, Humans, Pre-Eclampsia, Body Weight, Absorptiometry, Photon, Body Mass Index, Body Height, Cohort Studies, Body Composition, Pregnancy, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Female