Functional connectomics from resting-state fMRI.
Smith SM., Vidaurre D., Beckmann CF., Glasser MF., Jenkinson M., Miller KL., Nichols TE., Robinson EC., Salimi-Khorshidi G., Woolrich MW., Barch DM., Uğurbil K., Van Essen DC.
Spontaneous fluctuations in activity in different parts of the brain can be used to study functional brain networks. We review the use of resting-state functional MRI (rfMRI) for the purpose of mapping the macroscopic functional connectome. After describing MRI acquisition and image-processing methods commonly used to generate data in a form amenable to connectomics network analysis, we discuss different approaches for estimating network structure from that data. Finally, we describe new possibilities resulting from the high-quality rfMRI data being generated by the Human Connectome Project and highlight some upcoming challenges in functional connectomics.