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Here we report the first multi-center clinical trial in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) measures of brain glucose metabolism as the primary outcome. We contrasted effects of 12 months treatment with the PPARγ agonist Rosiglitazone XR versus placebo in 80 mild to moderate AD patients. Secondary objectives included testing for reduction in the progression of brain atrophy and improvement in cognition. Active treatment was associated with a sustained but not statistically significant trend from the first month for higher mean values in Kiindex and CMRgluindex, novel quantitative indices related to the combined forward rate constant for [18F]FDG uptake and to the rate of cerebral glucose utilization, respectively. However, neither these nor another analytical approach recently validated using data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative indicated that active treatment decreased the progression of decline in brain glucose metabolism. Rates of brain atrophy were similar between active and placebo groups and measures of cognition also did not suggest clear group differences. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of using [18F]FDG-PET as part of a multi-center therapeutics trial. It suggests that Rosiglitazone is associated with an early increase in whole brain glucose metabolism, but not with any biological or clinical evidence for slowing progression over a 1 year follow up in the symptomatic stages of AD.

Original publication

DOI

10.3233/jad-2010-100939

Type

Journal article

Journal

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

Publication Date

01/2010

Volume

22

Pages

1241 - 1256

Addresses

GlaxoSmithKline Clinical Imaging Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.

Keywords

Brain, Humans, Alzheimer Disease, Disease Progression, Thiazolidinediones, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Glucose, Positron-Emission Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Treatment Outcome, Brain Mapping, Double-Blind Method, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, Male