Genome-wide association studies identify four ER negative-specific breast cancer risk loci.
Garcia-Closas M., Couch FJ., Lindstrom S., Michailidou K., Schmidt MK., Brook MN., Orr N., Rhie SK., Riboli E., Feigelson HS., Le Marchand L., Buring JE., Eccles D., Miron P., Fasching PA., Brauch H., Chang-Claude J., Carpenter J., Godwin AK., Nevanlinna H., Giles GG., Cox A., Hopper JL., Bolla MK., Wang Q., Dennis J., Dicks E., Howat WJ., Schoof N., Bojesen SE., Lambrechts D., Broeks A., Andrulis IL., Guénel P., Burwinkel B., Sawyer EJ., Hollestelle A., Fletcher O., Winqvist R., Brenner H., Mannermaa A., Hamann U., Meindl A., Lindblom A., Zheng W., Devillee P., Goldberg MS., Lubinski J., Kristensen V., Swerdlow A., Anton-Culver H., Dörk T., Muir K., Matsuo K., Wu AH., Radice P., Teo SH., Shu X-O., Blot W., Kang D., Hartman M., Sangrajrang S., Shen C-Y., Southey MC., Park DJ., Hammet F., Stone J., Veer LJV., Rutgers EJ., Lophatananon A., Stewart-Brown S., Siriwanarangsan P., Peto J., Schrauder MG., Ekici AB., Beckmann MW., Dos Santos Silva I., Johnson N., Warren H., Tomlinson I., Kerin MJ., Miller N., Marme F., Schneeweiss A., Sohn C., Truong T., Laurent-Puig P., Kerbrat P., Nordestgaard BG., Nielsen SF., Flyger H., Milne RL., Perez JIA., Menéndez P., Müller H., Arndt V., Stegmaier C., Lichtner P., Lochmann M., Justenhoven C., Ko Y-D., Gene ENvironmental Interaction and breast CAncer (GENICA) Network None., Muranen TA., Aittomäki K., Blomqvist C., Greco D., Heikkinen T., Ito H., Iwata H., Yatabe Y., Antonenkova NN., Margolin S., Kataja V., Kosma V-M., Hartikainen JM., Balleine R., kConFab Investigators None., Tseng C-C., Berg DVD., Stram DO., Neven P., Dieudonné A-S., Leunen K., Rudolph A., Nickels S., Flesch-Janys D., Peterlongo P., Peissel B., Bernard L., Olson JE., Wang X., Stevens K., Severi G., Baglietto L., McLean C., Coetzee GA., Feng Y., Henderson BE., Schumacher F., Bogdanova NV., Labrèche F., Dumont M., Yip CH., Taib NAM., Cheng C-Y., Shrubsole M., Long J., Pylkäs K., Jukkola-Vuorinen A., Kauppila S., Knight JA., Glendon G., Mulligan AM., Tollenaar RAEM., Seynaeve CM., Kriege M., Hooning MJ., van den Ouweland AMW., van Deurzen CHM., Lu W., Gao Y-T., Cai H., Balasubramanian SP., Cross SS., Reed MWR., Signorello L., Cai Q., Shah M., Miao H., Chan CW., Chia KS., Jakubowska A., Jaworska K., Durda K., Hsiung C-N., Wu P-E., Yu J-C., Ashworth A., Jones M., Tessier DC., González-Neira A., Pita G., Alonso MR., Vincent D., Bacot F., Ambrosone CB., Bandera EV., John EM., Chen GK., Hu JJ., Rodriguez-Gil JL., Bernstein L., Press MF., Ziegler RG., Millikan RM., Deming-Halverson SL., Nyante S., Ingles SA., Waisfisz Q., Tsimiklis H., Makalic E., Schmidt D., Bui M., Gibson L., Müller-Myhsok B., Schmutzler RK., Hein R., Dahmen N., Beckmann L., Aaltonen K., Czene K., Irwanto A., Liu J., Turnbull C., Familial Breast Cancer Study (FBCS) None., Rahman N., Meijers-Heijboer H., Uitterlinden AG., Rivadeneira F., Australian Breast Cancer Tissue Bank (ABCTB) Investigators None., Olswold C., Slager S., Pilarski R., Ademuyiwa F., Konstantopoulou I., Martin NG., Montgomery GW., Slamon DJ., Rauh C., Lux MP., Jud SM., Bruning T., Weaver J., Sharma P., Pathak H., Tapper W., Gerty S., Durcan L., Trichopoulos D., Tumino R., Peeters PH., Kaaks R., Campa D., Canzian F., Weiderpass E., Johansson M., Khaw K-T., Travis R., Clavel-Chapelon F., Kolonel LN., Chen C., Beck A., Hankinson SE., Berg CD., Hoover RN., Lissowska J., Figueroa JD., Chasman DI., Gaudet MM., Diver WR., Willett WC., Hunter DJ., Simard J., Benitez J., Dunning AM., Sherman ME., Chenevix-Trench G., Chanock SJ., Hall P., Pharoah PDP., Vachon C., Easton DF., Haiman CA., Kraft P.
Estrogen receptor (ER)-negative tumors represent 20-30% of all breast cancers, with a higher proportion occurring in younger women and women of African ancestry. The etiology and clinical behavior of ER-negative tumors are different from those of tumors expressing ER (ER positive), including differences in genetic predisposition. To identify susceptibility loci specific to ER-negative disease, we combined in a meta-analysis 3 genome-wide association studies of 4,193 ER-negative breast cancer cases and 35,194 controls with a series of 40 follow-up studies (6,514 cases and 41,455 controls), genotyped using a custom Illumina array, iCOGS, developed by the Collaborative Oncological Gene-environment Study (COGS). SNPs at four loci, 1q32.1 (MDM4, P = 2.1 × 10(-12) and LGR6, P = 1.4 × 10(-8)), 2p24.1 (P = 4.6 × 10(-8)) and 16q12.2 (FTO, P = 4.0 × 10(-8)), were associated with ER-negative but not ER-positive breast cancer (P > 0.05). These findings provide further evidence for distinct etiological pathways associated with invasive ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancers.