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Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have discovered multiple common genetic risk variants related to common diseases. It has been proposed that a number of these signals of common polymorphisms are based on synthetic associations that are generated by rare causative variants. We investigated if mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene causing familial hypercholesterolemia (FH, OMIM #143890) produce such signals. We genotyped 480 254 polymorphisms in 464 FH patients and in 5945 subjects from the general population. A total of 28 polymorphisms located up to 2.4 Mb from the LDLR gene were genome-wide significantly associated with FH (P<10(-8)). We replicated the 10 top signals in 2189 patients with a clinical diagnosis of FH and in 2157 subjects of a second sample of the general population (P<0.000087). Our findings confirm that rare variants are able to cause synthetic genome-wide significant associations, and that they exert this effect at relatively large distances from the causal mutation.

Original publication

DOI

10.1038/ejhg.2012.207

Type

Journal article

Journal

European journal of human genetics : EJHG

Publication Date

05/2013

Volume

21

Pages

563 - 566

Addresses

Department of Internal Medicine-D435, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Keywords

Humans, Receptors, LDL, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Cohort Studies, Genotype, Haplotypes, Mutation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II, Genome-Wide Association Study