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BackgroundPhylogenetic mapping of HIV-1 lineages circulating across defined geographical locations is promising for better understanding HIV transmission networks to design optimal prevention interventions.MethodsWe obtained near full-length HIV-1 genome sequences from people living with HIV (PLWH), including participants on antiretroviral treatment in the Botswana Combination Prevention Project, conducted in 30 Botswana communities in 2013-2018. Phylogenetic relationships among viral sequences were estimated by maximum likelihood.ResultsWe obtained 6078 near full-length HIV-1C genome sequences from 6075 PLWH. We identified 984 phylogenetically distinct HIV-1 lineages (molecular HIV clusters) circulating in Botswana by mid-2018, with 2-27 members per cluster. Of these, dyads accounted for 62%, approximately 32% (n = 316) were found in single communities, and 68% (n = 668) were spread across multiple communities. Men in clusters were approximately 3 years older than women (median age 42 years, vs 39 years; P ConclusionsA large number of circulating phylogenetically distinct HIV-1C lineages (molecular HIV clusters) suggests highly diversified HIV transmission networks across Botswana communities by 2018.

Original publication

DOI

10.1093/infdis/jiaa276

Type

Journal article

Journal

The Journal of infectious diseases

Publication Date

11/2020

Volume

222

Pages

1670 - 1680

Addresses

Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute, Gaborone, Botswana.

Keywords

PANGEA Consortium, Humans, HIV-1, HIV Infections, Antirheumatic Agents, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Sequence Alignment, Phylogeny, Genotype, Genome, Viral, Research Design, Adolescent, Adult, Middle Aged, Botswana, Female, Male, Young Adult